View file File name : method.html Content : <!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <meta charset="utf-8" /> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" /><meta name="generator" content="Docutils 0.17.1: http://docutils.sourceforge.net/" /> <title>Instance Method Objects — Python 3.10.12 documentation</title><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../_static/pygments.css" /> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../_static/pydoctheme.css?2022.1" /> <script data-url_root="../" id="documentation_options" src="../_static/documentation_options.js"></script> <script src="../_static/jquery.js"></script> <script src="../_static/underscore.js"></script> <script src="../_static/doctools.js"></script> <script src="../_static/sidebar.js"></script> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" title="Search within Python 3.10.12 documentation" href="../_static/opensearch.xml"/> <link rel="author" title="About these documents" href="../about.html" /> <link rel="index" title="Index" href="../genindex.html" /> <link rel="search" title="Search" href="../search.html" /> <link rel="copyright" title="Copyright" href="../copyright.html" /> <link rel="next" title="Cell Objects" href="cell.html" /> <link rel="prev" title="Function Objects" href="function.html" /> <link rel="canonical" href="file:///usr/share/doc/python3.10/html/c-api/method.html" /> <style> @media only screen { table.full-width-table { width: 100%; } } </style> <link rel="shortcut icon" type="image/png" href="../_static/py.svg" /> <script type="text/javascript" src="../_static/copybutton.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="../_static/menu.js"></script> </head> <body> <div class="mobile-nav"> <input type="checkbox" id="menuToggler" class="toggler__input" aria-controls="navigation" aria-pressed="false" aria-expanded="false" role="button" aria-label="Menu" /> <label for="menuToggler" class="toggler__label"> <span></span> </label> <nav class="nav-content" role="navigation"> <a href="https://www.python.org/" class="nav-logo"> <img src="../_static/py.svg" alt="Logo"/> </a> <div class="version_switcher_placeholder"></div> <form role="search" class="search" action="../search.html" method="get"> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="search-icon"> <path fill-rule="nonzero" d="M15.5 14h-.79l-.28-.27a6.5 6.5 0 001.48-5.34c-.47-2.78-2.79-5-5.59-5.34a6.505 6.505 0 00-7.27 7.27c.34 2.8 2.56 5.12 5.34 5.59a6.5 6.5 0 005.34-1.48l.27.28v.79l4.25 4.25c.41.41 1.08.41 1.49 0 .41-.41.41-1.08 0-1.49L15.5 14zm-6 0C7.01 14 5 11.99 5 9.5S7.01 5 9.5 5 14 7.01 14 9.5 11.99 14 9.5 14z" fill="#444"></path> </svg> <input type="text" name="q" aria-label="Quick search"/> <input type="submit" value="Go"/> </form> </nav> <div class="menu-wrapper"> <nav class="menu" role="navigation" aria-label="main navigation"> <div class="language_switcher_placeholder"></div> <h3><a href="../contents.html">Table of Contents</a></h3> <ul> <li><a class="reference internal" href="#">Instance Method Objects</a></li> <li><a class="reference internal" href="#method-objects">Method Objects</a></li> </ul> <h4>Previous topic</h4> <p class="topless"><a href="function.html" title="previous chapter">Function Objects</a></p> <h4>Next topic</h4> <p class="topless"><a href="cell.html" title="next chapter">Cell Objects</a></p> <div role="note" aria-label="source link"> <h3>This Page</h3> <ul class="this-page-menu"> <li><a href="../bugs.html">Report a Bug</a></li> <li> <a href="https://github.com/python/cpython/blob/3.10/Doc/c-api/method.rst" rel="nofollow">Show Source </a> </li> </ul> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="related" role="navigation" aria-label="related navigation"> <h3>Navigation</h3> <ul> <li class="right" style="margin-right: 10px"> <a href="../genindex.html" title="General Index" accesskey="I">index</a></li> <li class="right" > <a href="../py-modindex.html" title="Python Module Index" >modules</a> |</li> <li class="right" > <a href="cell.html" title="Cell Objects" accesskey="N">next</a> |</li> <li class="right" > <a href="function.html" title="Function Objects" accesskey="P">previous</a> |</li> <li><img src="../_static/py.svg" alt="python logo" style="vertical-align: middle; margin-top: -1px"/></li> <li><a href="https://www.python.org/">Python</a> »</li> <li class="switchers"> <div class="language_switcher_placeholder"></div> <div class="version_switcher_placeholder"></div> </li> <li> </li> <li id="cpython-language-and-version"> <a href="../index.html">3.10.12 Documentation</a> » </li> <li class="nav-item nav-item-1"><a href="index.html" >Python/C API Reference Manual</a> »</li> <li class="nav-item nav-item-2"><a href="concrete.html" accesskey="U">Concrete Objects Layer</a> »</li> <li class="nav-item nav-item-this"><a href="">Instance Method Objects</a></li> <li class="right"> <div class="inline-search" role="search"> <form class="inline-search" action="../search.html" method="get"> <input placeholder="Quick search" aria-label="Quick search" type="text" name="q" /> <input type="submit" value="Go" /> <input type="hidden" name="check_keywords" value="yes" /> <input type="hidden" name="area" value="default" /> </form> </div> | </li> </ul> </div> <div class="document"> <div class="documentwrapper"> <div class="bodywrapper"> <div class="body" role="main"> <section id="instance-method-objects"> <span id="instancemethod-objects"></span><h1>Instance Method Objects<a class="headerlink" href="#instance-method-objects" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1> <p id="index-0">An instance method is a wrapper for a <a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyCFunction" title="PyCFunction"><code class="xref c c-data docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyCFunction</span></code></a> and the new way to bind a <a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyCFunction" title="PyCFunction"><code class="xref c c-data docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyCFunction</span></code></a> to a class object. It replaces the former call <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyMethod_New(func,</span> <span class="pre">NULL,</span> <span class="pre">class)</span></code>.</p> <dl class="c var"> <dt class="sig sig-object c" id="c.PyInstanceMethod_Type"> <a class="reference internal" href="type.html#c.PyTypeObject" title="PyTypeObject"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyTypeObject</span></span></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyInstanceMethod_Type</span></span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyInstanceMethod_Type" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a><br /></dt> <dd><p>This instance of <a class="reference internal" href="type.html#c.PyTypeObject" title="PyTypeObject"><code class="xref c c-type docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyTypeObject</span></code></a> represents the Python instance method type. It is not exposed to Python programs.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="c function"> <dt class="sig sig-object c" id="c.PyInstanceMethod_Check"> <span class="kt"><span class="pre">int</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyInstanceMethod_Check</span></span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyObject</span></span></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="n"><span class="pre">o</span></span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyInstanceMethod_Check" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a><br /></dt> <dd><p>Return true if <em>o</em> is an instance method object (has type <a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyInstanceMethod_Type" title="PyInstanceMethod_Type"><code class="xref c c-data docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyInstanceMethod_Type</span></code></a>). The parameter must not be <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">NULL</span></code>. This function always succeeds.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="c function"> <dt class="sig sig-object c" id="c.PyInstanceMethod_New"> <a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyObject</span></span></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyInstanceMethod_New</span></span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyObject</span></span></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="n"><span class="pre">func</span></span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyInstanceMethod_New" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a><br /></dt> <dd><em class="refcount">Return value: New reference.</em><p>Return a new instance method object, with <em>func</em> being any callable object. <em>func</em> is the function that will be called when the instance method is called.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="c function"> <dt class="sig sig-object c" id="c.PyInstanceMethod_Function"> <a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyObject</span></span></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyInstanceMethod_Function</span></span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyObject</span></span></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="n"><span class="pre">im</span></span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyInstanceMethod_Function" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a><br /></dt> <dd><em class="refcount">Return value: Borrowed reference.</em><p>Return the function object associated with the instance method <em>im</em>.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="c function"> <dt class="sig sig-object c" id="c.PyInstanceMethod_GET_FUNCTION"> <a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyObject</span></span></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyInstanceMethod_GET_FUNCTION</span></span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyObject</span></span></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="n"><span class="pre">im</span></span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyInstanceMethod_GET_FUNCTION" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a><br /></dt> <dd><em class="refcount">Return value: Borrowed reference.</em><p>Macro version of <a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyInstanceMethod_Function" title="PyInstanceMethod_Function"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyInstanceMethod_Function()</span></code></a> which avoids error checking.</p> </dd></dl> </section> <section id="method-objects"> <span id="id1"></span><h1>Method Objects<a class="headerlink" href="#method-objects" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1> <p id="index-1">Methods are bound function objects. Methods are always bound to an instance of a user-defined class. Unbound methods (methods bound to a class object) are no longer available.</p> <dl class="c var"> <dt class="sig sig-object c" id="c.PyMethod_Type"> <a class="reference internal" href="type.html#c.PyTypeObject" title="PyTypeObject"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyTypeObject</span></span></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyMethod_Type</span></span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyMethod_Type" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a><br /></dt> <dd><p id="index-2">This instance of <a class="reference internal" href="type.html#c.PyTypeObject" title="PyTypeObject"><code class="xref c c-type docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyTypeObject</span></code></a> represents the Python method type. This is exposed to Python programs as <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">types.MethodType</span></code>.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="c function"> <dt class="sig sig-object c" id="c.PyMethod_Check"> <span class="kt"><span class="pre">int</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyMethod_Check</span></span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyObject</span></span></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="n"><span class="pre">o</span></span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyMethod_Check" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a><br /></dt> <dd><p>Return true if <em>o</em> is a method object (has type <a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyMethod_Type" title="PyMethod_Type"><code class="xref c c-data docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyMethod_Type</span></code></a>). The parameter must not be <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">NULL</span></code>. This function always succeeds.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="c function"> <dt class="sig sig-object c" id="c.PyMethod_New"> <a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyObject</span></span></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyMethod_New</span></span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyObject</span></span></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="n"><span class="pre">func</span></span>, <a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyObject</span></span></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="n"><span class="pre">self</span></span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyMethod_New" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a><br /></dt> <dd><em class="refcount">Return value: New reference.</em><p>Return a new method object, with <em>func</em> being any callable object and <em>self</em> the instance the method should be bound. <em>func</em> is the function that will be called when the method is called. <em>self</em> must not be <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">NULL</span></code>.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="c function"> <dt class="sig sig-object c" id="c.PyMethod_Function"> <a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyObject</span></span></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyMethod_Function</span></span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyObject</span></span></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="n"><span class="pre">meth</span></span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyMethod_Function" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a><br /></dt> <dd><em class="refcount">Return value: Borrowed reference.</em><p>Return the function object associated with the method <em>meth</em>.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="c function"> <dt class="sig sig-object c" id="c.PyMethod_GET_FUNCTION"> <a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyObject</span></span></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyMethod_GET_FUNCTION</span></span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyObject</span></span></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="n"><span class="pre">meth</span></span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyMethod_GET_FUNCTION" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a><br /></dt> <dd><em class="refcount">Return value: Borrowed reference.</em><p>Macro version of <a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyMethod_Function" title="PyMethod_Function"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyMethod_Function()</span></code></a> which avoids error checking.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="c function"> <dt class="sig sig-object c" id="c.PyMethod_Self"> <a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyObject</span></span></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyMethod_Self</span></span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyObject</span></span></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="n"><span class="pre">meth</span></span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyMethod_Self" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a><br /></dt> <dd><em class="refcount">Return value: Borrowed reference.</em><p>Return the instance associated with the method <em>meth</em>.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="c function"> <dt class="sig sig-object c" id="c.PyMethod_GET_SELF"> <a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyObject</span></span></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyMethod_GET_SELF</span></span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyObject</span></span></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="n"><span class="pre">meth</span></span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyMethod_GET_SELF" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a><br /></dt> <dd><em class="refcount">Return value: Borrowed reference.</em><p>Macro version of <a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyMethod_Self" title="PyMethod_Self"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyMethod_Self()</span></code></a> which avoids error checking.</p> </dd></dl> </section> <div class="clearer"></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="sphinxsidebar" role="navigation" aria-label="main navigation"> <div 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